# [Groundschool : A sound acquaintance with the principles of flight] ## [Principles of flight : Aerofoil dynamics the forces, stability and control](https://aeroplaying.uk/G/!/Principles) ### [Summary : An example set of notes for memorising before taking a test](https://aeroplaying.uk/G/!/Airlaw/Summary) The best source: https://infringements.caa.co.uk/tutorial/welcome/ - Drag https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lift-induced_drag - Bank angles and stall speeds, the increase in stall speed with bank angle can be shown to be directly related to the square root of the load factor https://turbineair.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/Bank-Angle-vs-stall-speed-2013.pdf - Angle of incidence https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angle_of_incidence_(aerodynamics) - Interference Drag https://skybrary.aero/articles/interference-drag - relationship between flap movement and pitch : Commonly, in high-wing aeroplanes, the nose pitches up with application of flap, and on low-wing aeroplanes the nose pitches down. The reverse occurs in each case when flap is raised, but importantly all aeroplanes will sink when flap is raised. https://aerotoolbox.com/aircraft-flaps/ - Form drag: To reduce form drag, aircraft surfaces which are exposed to the airflow of the relative wind are streamlined. https://skybrary.aero/articles/form-drag - Green arc: https://aerotoolbox.com/airspeed-indicator/ - Centre of pressure: When the boundary layer separates into completely turbulent flow on the upper surface of the wing all that lifting force that the forward part of the upper surface of the wing was clinging onto goes bye bye and the center of pressure snaps backward as a result. - https://aviation.stackexchange.com/questions/27476/when-approaching-stall-why-does-the-center-of-pressure-move-back - Compass acceleration error https://aviation.stackexchange.com/questions/102277/what-causes-magnetic-compass-acceleration-errors - Compass rotation error https://aviation.stackexchange.com/questions/78831/is-the-turning-error-of-a-magnetic-compass-greatest-when-tuning-through-south-in - Airfoil Forces and Moments https://eaglepubs.erau.edu/introductiontoaerospaceflightvehicles/chapter/airfoil-characteristics/ - Transition point. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laminar%E2%80%93turbulent_transition - Ice forms over the pitot head https://www.boldmethod.com/learn-to-fly/systems/what-happens-when-your-pitot-tube-ices-over-airspeed-indicator-failure-scenario/ ####### [Feedback](https://t.me/nrbray)